Please contact the content providers to delete files if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately. Login Join User. There is an other way as below:. Create scripts folder in root of your ionic project and create a file name copy-custom-libs.
The source code of this example can be found here: ionic pdf viewer. Then one has to use blob attribute to convert it to the format that can be used by the application to allow passing in the app before putting it on screen. Make sure you import the the ng-pdf-viewer in the app.
Ref : link. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Collectives on Stack Overflow. Learn more. Everything starts with a good plan.
Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Published on May 25, You build a Conference application that allows the attendees of a conference to browse through the list of sessions, and share information on Facebook.
Submit Search. Click Start menu, then right-click Computer and select Properties. Click Advanced System Settings to open a dialog. Append the path of tools and platform-tools directories to the end of PATH variable.
Stand-alone SDK tools is more likely to have configuration issues. Below is the syntax of using ionic start. We can also pass extra options after these two arguments. If not enough arguments are provided, Ionic CLI can help you to finish the setup interactively with prompts.
Ionic CLI supports creation of projects of three types. For project templates, Ionic provides different types of application templates.
All available templates can be listed with the following command. A template may have versions for different project types. You can find many paid or free project starters in the marketplace. Below are the available options of ionic start. Useful when you only want to explore the content of a project starter. The slug is used for the directory name and npm package name. The value of this option should be in the reverse domain format, for example, com. If not specified, the default value io.
This template should be used for apps with multiple views. This template can also be used for apps with multiple views, but it uses a menu to switch to different views. You should see the UI of this Ionic app. Ionic sets up livereload by default, so when any HTML, TypeScript or Sass code is changed, it automatically refreshes the page to load the page with updated code.
There is no need for a manual refresh. The default port for the Ionic local development server is The port can be configured using the option --port or -p. For example, we can use ionic serve -p to start the server on port A better alternative is to use Chrome browser for basic testing and debugging. Once the developer tools window is opened, you need to click the mobile phone icon on the top menu bar to enable device mode. Clicking inspect launches the DevTools to inspect the running app.
If you cannot see the app in the list, make sure that the device is listed in the result of the command adb devices. Clicking this menu item opens the Web Inspector for debugging.
You can download this app from Apple store and the Google Play store. Using Ionic DevApp requires an Ionic account, which can be registered on the app for free. Clicking a listed app runs it on the device. Figure Ionic apps created by Ionic CLI have no platforms added by default. If you just installed Xcode, you may need to open Xcode to install additional components first. If you want to use a different emulator, you can use --target flag to specify the emulator name.
To get a list of all the targets available in your local environment, use the following command. Gradle is the build tool for Android apps. Now the app can be built for the Android platform using the following command.
If the emulator is not started, the following command will try to start it. When running on the emulator, we can also use the option --livereload to enable livereload, so the app refreshes automatically when the code changes.
Most of the screenshots are also taken on the Android platform. After finishing this chapter, you should be able to set up your local environment to be ready for developing, debugging, and testing Ionic 4 apps. We need to deal with different languages, frameworks, libraries, and tools. You may need to read more related materials to understand their details. If you are confident that you have a good understanding of these, you can skip the whole chapter or related sections.
After reading this chapter, you should be familiar with all necessary languages, frameworks, libraries, and tools used across this book. This is because Angular uses TypeScript by default. But TypeScript is strongly recommended for enterprise applications development. As the name suggests, TypeScript adds type information to JavaScript. Developers with knowledge of other static-typing programming languages, for example, Java or C , may find TypeScript very easy to understand.
The reason why TypeScript is recommended for Ionic apps development is because TypeScript offers several benefits compared to standard JavaScript. During the compiling, the compiler does type checks using type declarations written in the source code. These static type checks can eliminate potential errors in the early stage of development. JavaScript has no static-typing information in the source code. A variable declared with var can reference to any type of data. Even though this provides maximum flexibility when dealing with variables in JavaScript, it tends to cause more latent issues due to incompatible types in the runtime.
This kind of error can be reported by the TypeScript compiler in the compile time. In Listing , the variable port represents the port that a server listens on. This error may only be detected in the runtime. Listing The following assignment causes a compiler error. So developers can find out this error immediately and fix it right away. Using these features can dramatically increase the productivity of front-end developers. IDEs can also do refactoring for TypeScript code.
Navigation between different files, classes, or functions is easy and intuitive. TypeScript has a predefined set of basic types. Some of those types come from JavaScript, while other types are unique in TypeScript. A Boolean value is declared using type boolean in TypeScript. A number is declared using type number in TypeScript. TypeScript supports decimal, hexadecimal, binary, and octal literals for numbers.
All these four numbers in the code below have the same decimal value A string is declared using type string in TypeScript. Strings are surrounded by double quotes " or single quotes '.
The key point is to remain consistent across the whole code base. Single quotes are more popular because they are easier to type than double quotes that require the shift key. In TypeScript, null and undefined also have a type with name null and undefined, respectively. These two types only have a single value. For example, the code below assigns null to the variable v with type string.
TypeScript compiler supports the option --strictNullChecks. When this option is enabled, TypeScript compiler does a strict check on null and undefined values. The code above will have a compile error when strictNullChecks is enabled. The type of an array depends on the type of its elements. Appending [] to the element type creates the array type. In the code below, number[] is the type of arrays with numbers, while string[] is the type of arrays with strings.
Array type can also be used for custom classes or interfaces. For example, Point[] represents an array of Point objects. The tuple type is declared as an array of element types.
In the code below, the tuple points has three elements with types number, number, and string. Tuples of two elements, a. Be careful when using tuples with more than two elements, because elements of tuples can only be accessed using array indices, so it reduces the code readability.
In this case, tuples should be replaced with objects with named properties. Each value in the set has a meaningful name and a numeric value associated with the name.
In the code below, the value of status is a number with value 1. By default, the numeric values of enum members start from 0 and increase in sequence. In the enum Status, Status. Started has value 0, Status. Stopped has value 1, and so on. In the code below, enum values Read, Write, and Execute have their assigned values. The value of permission is 3. Read Permission. Write; To convert an enum value back to its textual format, we can do the lookup by treating the enum type as an array.
When a value is declared with type any, no type checking is done for this value. While type information is valuable, there are some cases when type information is not available, so we need the any type to bypass the compile-time check.
Below are two common cases of using the type any. During the migration, we can annotate unfinished values as any to make the TypeScript code compile. If TypeScript code uses a third-party JavaScript library, we can declare values from this library as any to bypass type checks for this library.
We can assign a string, a number, and a Boolean value to it. The return type of the sayHello function below is void. In this case, the only allowed values for this variable are undefined and null. It represents the type of values that should never occur. If a function always throws an exception or it contains an infinite loop that makes the function never return, the return type of this function is never. The function neverHappens in the code below always throws an Error object, so its return type is never.
The allowed types are separated with a vertical bar. In the code below, the type of the variable stringOrNumber can be either string or number. In the code below, the type TrafficColor only allows three values. TypeScript adds type information to functions. The type of a function is defined by the types of its arguments and return values. As shown in Listing , we only need to declare function types either on the variable declaration side or on the function declaration side.
TypeScript compiler can infer the types from context information. A function can declare any number of formal parameters.
When the function is invoked, the caller can pass any number of actual arguments. Formal parameters are assigned based on their position in the arguments list. Extra arguments are ignored during the assignment. When not enough arguments are passed, missing formal parameters are assigned to undefined.
In the function body, all the arguments can be accessed using the array-like arguments object. For example, using arguments[0] to access the first actual argument.
This flexibility of arguments handling is a powerful feature and enables many elegant solutions with arguments manipulation in JavaScript. However, this flexibility causes an unnecessary burden on developers to understand.
The number of arguments passed to a function must match the number of formal parameters declared by this function. Passing more or fewer arguments when invoking a function is a compile- time error. If a parameter is optional, we can add? Otherwise, there is no way to correctly assign arguments to those parameters.
For example, given a function func v1? We can also set a default value to a parameter. In Listing , the parameter timeout of function delay has a default value The first invocation of delay function uses the default value of timeout, while the second invocation uses the provided value This allows developers to deal with a list of arguments.
In Listing , all the arguments of the format function are collected into the array values. This makes it very easy for developers familiar with other object-oriented programming languages to move to TypeScript. Interfaces can be used to describe the shape of values or act as classes contracts. But the format of these JavaScript objects is opaque. The caller and receiver need to implicitly agree on the data format, which usually involves collaboration between different team members.
This type of opacity usually causes maintenance problems. For example, a receiver function may accept an object that contains the properties name, email, and age.
After a later refactoring, the development team found that the date of birth should be passed instead of the age. The caller code was changed to pass an object that contains the properties name, email, and dateOfBirth.
Then the receiver code failed to work anymore. These kinds of errors can only be found in the runtime if developers failed to spot all those places that rely on this hidden data format contract during refactoring.
Interfaces in TypeScript provide a way to describe the shape of an object. As shown in Listing , if we update interface User to remove the property age and add a new property dateOfBirth, TypeScript compiler will throw errors on all the places where the age property is used in the whole code base. This is a huge benefit for code refactoring and maintenance.
Considering the forEach function in Listing , interface Iterator describes the function type of the second parameter. This is the typical usage of interfaces in object-oriented programming languages like Java or C.
These two classes have different implementations of the method load. ES6 added the classes concept to JavaScript. TypeScript also supports classes. Listing shows important aspects of classes in TypeScript. A class can be abstract. An abstract class cannot be instantiated directly, and it contains abstract methods that must be implemented in derived classes.
Classes also support inheritance. The members of a class are public by default. Classes can have constructor functions to create new instances.
In the constructor function of a subclass, the constructor of its parent class must be invoked using super. The constructor of Rectangle takes two parameters width and height, but the constructor of the subclass Square takes only one parameter, so super width, width is used to pass the same value width for both parameters width and height in the Rectangle constructor function. Java developers may find decorators are easy to understand since Java already has annotations with similar syntax.
Since the support of decorators is now experimental, it needs to be enabled explicitly using the experimentalDecorators option on TypeScript compiler. Understanding decorators is important as they are fundamental building blocks in Angular. A decorator can be attached to a class declaration, method, accessor, property, or parameter.
Decorators are declared using the form expression, where expression must be evaluated to a function that will be invoked with information about the decorated element. You can add multiple decorators to the same class declaration, method, property, or parameter. These kinds of functions are called decorator factories. Decorator factories allow further customizations on how decorators are applied in the runtime. The decorator function receives the constructor as the only argument.
Class decorators allow us to replace the classes constructors when necessary. The decorator function is called when the class is declared. In Listing , we create a class decorator refCount to keep track of the number of instances created for a class.
The decorator function creates a new constructor newCtor that records the count and invokes the original constructor. The new constructor replaces the existing constructor of the decorated class. The decorator function receives three arguments: 1. In Listing , we create a method decorator fixedValue that makes a function return a provided fixed value regardless of the actual argument.
Updating the property value of the PropertyDescriptor instance replaces the method declaration. These properties can also be updated. The decorator function receives two arguments: target and propertyKey, which are the same as the first two arguments of method decorators.
To replace a property in the decorator function, we need to return a new PropertyDescriptor object. In Listing , we create a property decorator fixedValue with the same functionality as the method decorator in Listing but applies to properties.
The return value of the decorator function is the property descriptor of the new property. Here we only set the property value of the PropertyDescriptor and use default values for other properties. Angular itself is out of the scope of this book. There are plenty of online resources about learning Angular. Angular is the default framework binding of Ionic 4. Developing any nontrivial app requires the use of frameworks.
This section covers essential parts of Angular. The Angular version used in this book is 6. Each app must have at least one module, the root module, for bootstrapping the whole app. For small apps, one module is generally enough. From the implementation point of view, a module is just a class with a NgModule decorator factory. When declaring a module, we just need to provide necessary metadata to the NgModule method and Angular will create the module instance.
Metadata of the module is provided as properties of the only parameter of NgModule. Learning Android Application Testing. Learning Android Application Development. Please enter your comment! Please enter your name here.
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